Universal Co-Axial Monopusher

	Brand:	Universal
	Family:	Universal Monopusher Chronograph Family
	Height:
	Jewels:
	Reserve:	hours
	Frequency:
	Winding:	Hand winding
	Diameter:	(15.25 ligne)
	Complications:	5-Column Chronograph, Chronograph, Column Wheel Chronograph, Monopusher Chronograph
	Hands:	30 Minute Chronograph Hand at 3:00, Central 60 Second Chronograph Hand, Central Hour Hand, Central Minute Hand, Small Seconds Hand at 9:00

Distinguishing Technical Characteristics
Hand-Winding Counter-Clockwise Balance Cock Indexed Regulator 5-Column Chronograph Balance at 6:00 Column Wheel at 12:00
Production: 1917 – 1933
1910s	1920s	1930s	1940s	1950s	1960s	1970s	1980s	1990s	2000s	2010s	2020s

Universal produced monopusher chronograph wristwatches using four distinct movements: This 15.25”’ movement with a pusher co-axial with the crown at 3:00, a 16.75”’ movement with the pusher at 6:00, a 16”’ movement with the pusher at 2:00, and a 14.5”’ movement with the pusher at 2:00. It is likely that the latter three movements were produced by Martel, since they share some design characteristics with later movements produced by the company. It is possible that the 15.25 ligne movement was also produced by Martel since it resembles not of their early chronograph movements but this is unknown.

The 15.25 ligne chronograph is different from all Martel movements in that the balance is located at 6:00 with the crown at left, the column wheel at 12:00, and it uses a counter-clockwise balance cock. This makes it a mirror image of all Martel movements. Although it appears to be quite an early design, it may have come later than the Martel-produced movement with the pusher at 6:00.

Universal watches using the Martel 15.25”’ co-axial monopusher movement are known as early as 1920 and the movement appears in Martel advertisements through 1933.