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Seiko 6S Family

Last Update: August 5, 2019

A key part of Seiko’s resurgence in modern times was the Cal. 6S family of automatic chronograph movements. Although rarely seen, they demonstrated the company’s expertise along with the Cal. 9S movement family introduced at the same time.

Seiko called back many original watchmakers from retirement to develop the “phoenix” Cal. 6S78 movement. On introduction in 1998, it helped re-establish the company’s bona fides and was a halo offering for the domestic Credor brand. It is thoroughly modern, with a vertical clutch and column wheel, yet classical in look. It has a 6-9-12 subdial arrangement like the popular Valjoux 7750 family. Many models feature a date or power reserve complication as well, and hand-winding versions were also produced.

  • 6S78 (1998-2004) – 34 jewels, automatic, date, Credor
  • 6S28 (2005-2013) – 34 jewels, automatic, date, Credor
  • 6S37 (2001-2016) – 40 jewels, automatic, date, power reserve, Prospex/Brightz/Credor
  • 6S77 (2003-2005) – 40 jewels, automatic, date, power reserve, Credor
  • 6S96 – 38 jewels, automatic, no date, power reserve
  • 6S74 – 35 jewels, hand winding, no date, power reserve
  • 6S99 (2002-2005) – 35 jewels, hand winding, no date, power reserve, skeletonized

Seiko 8R Family

Last Update: July 23, 2019

Seiko 8R is a family of modern chronograph movements with advanced features like a column wheel, vertical clutch, and three-pointed reset hammer. Although newer and numerically higher than the Seiko 6S chronograph, it is considered to be slightly lower in terms of refinement and design. The 8R family is sold by Time Module Inc. (TMI) as Cal. NE86 and NE88 for use by third-party watch makers.

The 8R family was introduced in 2009 shortly after the related 6R family of automatic non-chronograph movements. Both use the proven 7S gear train and Seiko’s Magic Lever winding system. It is built on the 6R20 but is much more integrated than a traditional modular chronograph movement. Unlike the 6S, the 8R family uses a 3-6-9 subdial arrangement, albeit with running seconds at 3:00 rather than 9:00 as is traditional. The date window is placed at an angle at 4:30.

Seiko was the first to market with a vertical clutch column wheel chronograph in 1969 with Cal. 6139 and the company takes these technologies to a new level in Cal. 8R. Rather than driving the minute and hour counters from the chronograph seconds wheel, each is driven by a powered wheel with its own clutch. A unique three-pointed hammer starts, stops, and resets all three wheels simultaneously, and all the counters advance continuously rather than only at one-minute intervals.

Cal. 8R28 is the most common movement in the family and the first introduced. It is 7.2 mm thick, has 34 jewels and 292 components, and was used in the SRQ009/SRQ011 Ananta, SAGK001 and SDGZ001 Brightz, and SRQ001 Velatura. Introduced in 2011, Cal. 8R39 is 7.6 mm high and was made for dive watches, including the exclusive SRQ013 Ananta limited edition. Cal. 8R48 appeared in 2014 and has similar specifications but is made from 311 components and measures 7.5 mm thick. It was only used in Japan-market Brightz watches and the rare SRQ021 60th anniversary Laurel and SRQ023 Presage watches of 2016. Cal. 8R49 is nearly identical to 8R48.

TMI also sells an OEM version of Cal. 8R39 called NE88. Introduced in August 2014, it is listed at 7.63 mm thick. Cal. NE86 is similar but lacks the hour counter at 6:00, moving the date window there. TMI rates these movements as accurate to -15/+25 seconds per day.

Seiko 8R Family

CalibreProductionHeightJewelsComponentsModelsNotes
8R28A2008-current7.2 mm34292SRQ
SAEK
SAGK
SDGZ
8R39A
NE88A
2011-current7.6 mm34306SRQ
SAEK
Thicker, for dive watches
8R48A
8R49A
2014-current7.5 mm34311SRQ/SARK
SDGZ
Japan-only
NE86A2014-current7.63 mmOEM2-subdial

ETA Flatline 2890 Family

Last Update: June 10, 2019

ETA 2890 Family Overview

The ETA 2890 family is a series of slim and robust automatic watch movements produced by ETA. They are generally regarded as superior to the similar ETA 2800 family. Cal. 2890 and its successors is based on the Eterna 1466U, with ball bearings on the rotor and a smaller balance wheel in the modern style. Launched in 1975, the family remains one of the leading watch movements to this day.

The most well-known movement in this series today is Cal. 2892A2, a highly evolved automatic movement with central seconds and a date wheel. Because of its slim dimensions, Cal. 2892A2 is often paired with modules to add world time, power reserve indicator, chronograph, and other complications.

Distinguishing features of the ETA 2890 family include a smaller balance wheel than historic movements, including the ETA 2824 family, and a large rotor hub located with seven visible bearings. The balance is located at 12:00 when viewed from the back with the crown at 9:00, and is located by a clockwise cock with an eccentric screw for regulation.

Most members of the modern 2890 family are available in there finish levels:

  • Elaboré – with nickel balance
  • Top – with Glucydur balance
  • Chronomètre – with Glucydur balance and official chronometer certification

ETA also sells these movements with gold plating, various finishes, and custom rotors.

This 2004 ETA advertisement shows a “Family Portrait” of the modern 2890 series

ETA 2890 Family

Most current ETA 2890 family movements have been updated since the 1990s with improved winding efficiency and an extra jewel in the upper winding bridge. As of 2021, ETA is no longer supplying these movements outside the Swatch Group, with most buyers switching to the clone SW300 family from Sellita. Specifically, Cal. SW300-1 replaces ETA’s 2892A2, Cal. SW330-1 replaces ETA’s GMT 2893-1, and Cal. SW360-1 replaces ETA’s small seconds 2895-2.

ComplicationsFirst Generation
1975-1983
Second Generation
1983-2000
Third Generation
1996-2021
No DateETA 2890 (12.5”’)
DateETA 2892 (12.5”’)ETA 2892-2ETA 2892A2
World Time Disc, DateETA 2893-1
Adjustable 24 Hour Hand, DateETA 2893-2
World Time Disc, No DateETA 2893-3
Modular Chronograph, Small Seconds, DateETA 2894-2 (12.5”’)
ETA 2894S2 (12.5”’)
Small Seconds, DateETA 2895-1ETA 2895-2
Dual Concentric Wheel DateETA 2896
Power Reserve Indicator, DateETA 2897
Perpetual Calendar, Moon Phase, No SecondsETA 2890-9ETA 2890A9
Perpetual Calendar, Moon Phase, Central SecondsETA 2891-9ETA 2891A9

ETA 2893 Movements

ETA released a trio of dual time zone movements in 1992, all known as Cal. 2893. Each movement has a slightly different implementation of a 24 hour second time zone display.

DateNo Date
24 Hour DiscETA 2893-1ETA 2893-3
24 Hour HandETA 2893-2

In all three movements, the central 24 hour display is quick-set using the crown in second position and is independent of the central hour hand, which is set using the crown in third position. Adjusting the 24 hour hand or disc does not cause the movement to “hack” or stop, so the timekeeping remains accurate when traveling.

Although common today, an independent hour hand like this was somewhat unusual at the time. Indeed, the popular Rolex GMT-Master II Ref. 16710 had just gained an independently-adjustable 12-hour hand four years earlier.

This 1992 coverage in Europa Star shows all three members of the ETA 2893 “Travel Time Trio”
Image: Europa Star 193, 1992

ETA 2890 Family History

See Also: Confirming the ETA 2892 Timeline

This 1975 advertisement in Europa Star shows the key movements in the Ebauches SA family: ETA 2678, AS 5103/5106, ETA 2783, ETA 2824, AS 2063/2066, ETA 2878, FHF 411/412, ETA 2892, AS 5008, and VAL 7750

The original ETA 2890 and 2892 were introduced in 1975 and produced through 1983. These measured 12.5”’ (28.0 mm) in diameter and were designed to be ultra-thin (marketed as “Flatline”) with the option to be used as a base for modular complications. One novel design feature is the fact that the automatic winding gear extends into the base movement, keeping the total profile to just 3.6 mm regardless of whether or not a date complication is fitted. This system used ball bearings for durability, which ETA called “Etarotor”.

They are based on Eterna’s Cal. 1466U, designed by Heinrich Stamm. This movement proved difficult to manufacture, so a talented young engineer, Anton Bally, was given the task of redesigning it for wider use across many brands. The resulting Cal. 2892 was improved in nearly every way while keeping many of Stamm’s signature elements, including the ball bearing rotor, sunken winding mechanism, and tapered edges. Bally later based the quartz Cal. 940 on the 2892 design as well.

The family was revised in 1983 with a narrower 11.5”’ (25.6 mm) width. Most aspects of the design remained, though the no-date 2890 was dropped and official modular movements added to the ETA 2892-2 base: ETA 2893-1 and ETA 2893-3 have a “world time” disc, ETA 2893-2 has an adjustable 24 hour hand, ETA 2894-2 was a modular chronograph, ETA 2895-1 had small seconds, and ETA 2890-9 and ETA 2891-9 had a perpetual calendar mechanism with moon phase. Of these, only the world time ETA2893 series and chronograph ETA 2894-2 remain in production as of 2020.

The third generation appeared in 1996 with the ETA 2892A2. The modification was focused on winding efficiency, with a reduced chamfer increasing the mass of the winding rotor and the switch from a stud to a jewel in the upper winding bridge for the intermediate wheel. Although the small seconds and perpetual calendar movements were updated (ETA 2895-2, ETA 2890A9, and ETA 2891A9), the chronograph remained in production as-is. New movements were also added: ETA 2896 has a “big date”, and ETA 2897 has a power reserve indicator. All of these movements were officially phased out after 2021, with most Swiss companies adopting Sellita’s SW300 Family as a replacement, though the 2893 Travel Time and 2894 Chronograph remain available.

The original ETA 2892 measured 12.5”’ (28.0 mm) in diameter

The revised ETA 2892-2 measured 11.5”’ (25.6 mm) in diameter
Today’s ETA 2892A2 also measures 11.5”’ but features improvements to the winding system

From Mechanical to Quartz

In the 1970s, ETA Director Fritz Scholl decided to bring together the mechanical capabilities of ETA with the electronics leadership of EEM and the CEH. This project would bring ETA into the quartz era by adding quartz timing and a Lavet stepper motor to existing mechanical wheel trains. This task largely fell on talented engineer Anton Bally, who had created the ETA 2892 movement and would become Chairman and President of ETA in 1985.

Bally’s first quartz movement was Cal. 9362, the first Swiss movement with a Lavet stepper motor. It was based on the day-date Cal. 2872 of the ETA Gabarit family, the thickness of which gave extra room to integrate this new timing technology. But the date complication was derived directly from that in Cal. 2836, an earlier ETA design. The stepper motor was produced in Switzerland based on the design of French firm Léon Hatot and the integrated circuit came from ETA partner Faselec. The similar Cal. 9361 lacked the day wheel. These were sold under the “Swissonic” name in 1976 but was called “Gabarit Quartz” by 1978.

Bally next turned to his recent “Flatline” design to create a thinner quartz movement. Cal. 940 used the hour and minute wheel, setting mechanism, and date complication of Cal. 2892 along with a new thin rotary stepper motor and 32 KHz quartz crystal. This was also initially sold under the “Swissonic” name in 1976 and 1977, but Cal. 940 would use the “Flatline Quartz” name after this.

Bally also developed a compact quartz movement for ladies watches. The 7.75 ligne Cal. 950 was based on ETA’s Cal. 2512 and measured just 3.1 mm thick. This made it one of the smallest quartz movements created to date by any company or nation.

ETA 7750 Family

Last Update: June 10, 2019

ETA 7750 Family Overview

The ETA (formerly Valjoux) 7750 is a robust and reliable automatic movement with an integrated cam-operated chronograph function. It has spawned a family of chronograph and time-only movements and is used as a base for many complications and third-party watch movements.

One of the earliest photos of the movement, then known as VAL 7750, appeared in an ETA “family portrait” advertisement in Europa Star in 1975

Introduced in 1974, the Valjoux 7750 was soon retired but returned in the 1980s. It has come to dominate the industry and remains popular today. Most versions of Cal. 7750 feature small seconds at 9:00 and chronograph hours and minutes subdials at 12:00 and 6:00, respectively. This “6-9-12” subdial arrangement is instantly recognizable to watch enthusiasts.

Distinguishing features of the ETA 7750 family include a smaller balance wheel than many historic movements and a small rotor hub with a slotted screw and five visible bearings. The balance is located at 1:30 when viewed from the back with the crown at 9:00, and is located by a clockwise cock. The distinctive Valjoux regulator was used on most 7750 variants until the 2010s, with a clamp-shaped arm and “dagger” pointer. The chronograph functions use cams rather than the levers and column wheel found on many other movements.

ETA 7750 Variants

When the 7750 was re-introduced in 1985, a number of additional related movements were also created, including the 7751 and hand-winding versions. The line was refreshed in the early 2000s, with the hand-winding variants retired and new 7753 and 7754 added.

ETA later used the 7750 design for a family of larger Valgranges-branded movements. Many of these are time-only, though ETA also makes retrograde versions for Longines and a column wheel version for Omega.

The Sellita SW500 family is considered a clone of the ETA 7750.

ETA 7750 Family Movements

Hand WindingAutomatic
30 Minute and 12 Hour Chronograph
Day-Date
77607750
A05.H21
A07.211
30 Minute and 12 Hour Chronograph
Day, Month, Date by Pointer, Moon Phase
77617751
30 Minute and 12 Hour Chronograph
Chronograph Minutes moved to 3:00
Date
7753
A05.H31
A07.231
30 Minute and 12 Hour Chronograph
Adjustable 24 hour hand
7754
30 Minute Chronograph
Date
7765
30 Minute and 12 Hour Chronograph
Regatta Timer
7757
30 Minute Chronograph
Date with Moon Phase
77687758
Rattrapante7770
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